Understanding and Managing Oncologic Emergencies: A Resource for Nurses

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Foreword ix
Preface xi
Chapter 1. Cardiac Tamponade 1
Introduction 1
Incidence 1
Risk Factors 2
Pathophysiology 4
Clinical Manifestations 7
Patient Assessment 10
Diagnostic Evaluation 12
Treatment Modalities 16
Nursing Management 24
Patient and Caregiver Educationt 26
Conclusion 27
References 27
Chapter 2. Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation 31
Introduction 31
Incidence 32
Risk Factors 35
Pathophysiology 36
Clinical Manifestations 39
Patient Assessment 40
Diagnostic Evaluation 40
Treatment Modalities 45
Nursing Management 47
Patient and Caregiver Education 48
Conclusion 48
References 48
Chapter 3. Hypercalcemia of Malignancy 51
Introduction 51
Incidence 51
Risk Factors 52
Normal Calcium Homeostasis 52
Normal Bone Remodeling and Effects of Metastatic Disease 61
Pathophysiology 64
Clinical Manifestations 69
Patient Assessment 72
Diagnostic Evaluation 73
Treatment Modalities 74
Nursing Management 90
End-of-Life Considerations 93
Patient and Caregiver Education 93
Conclusion 94
References 94
Chapter 4. Increased Intracranial Pressure 99
Introduction 99
Incidence 99
Risk Factors 101
Normal Brain Physiology 103
Pathophysiology 106
Clinical Manifestations 108
Patient Assessment 110
Diagnostic Evaluation 112
Treatment Modalities 114
Nursing Management 117
Patient and Caregiver Education 120
Conclusion 120
References 120
Chapter 5. Malignant Pleural Effusion 123
Introduction 123
Incidence 123
Risk Factors 125
Pathophysiology 127
Clinical Manifestations 128
Patient Assessment 129
Diagnostic Evaluation 130
Treatment Modalities 135
Nursing Management 149
Patient and Caregiver Education 152
Conclusion 153
References 153
Chapter 6. Sepsis and Septic Shock 159
Introduction 159
Definitions 159
Incidence 161
Risk Factors 162
Pathophysiology 162
Clinical Manifestations 165
Patient Assessment 166
Diagnostic Evaluation 169
Treatment Modalities 173
Nursing Management 185
Patient and Caregiver Education 190
Conclusion 191
References 191
Chapter 7. Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion 197
Introduction 197
Incidence 197
Normal Physiology of Water Regulation 198
Pathophysiology 200
Risk Factors 201
Clinical Manifestations 204
Patient Assessment 206
Diagnostic Evaluation 207
Treatment Modalities 208
Nursing Management 211
Patient and Caregiver Education 215
Conclusion 215
References 216
Chapter 8. Spinal Cord Compression 219
Incidence 220
Risk Factors 221
Pathophysiology 222
Clinical Manifestations 229
Prognostic Factors 234
Patient Assessment 235
Diagnostic Evaluation 241
Treatment Modalities 242
Nursing Management 248
Patient and Caregiver Education 255
Conclusion 256
References 256
Chapter 9. Superior Vena Cava Syndrome 261
Introduction 261
Incidence 261
Risk Factors 263
Pathophysiology 263
Clinical Manifestations 266
Patient Assessment 268
Prognosis 269
Diagnostic Evaluation 270
Treatment Modalities 271
Nursing Management 278
Patient and Caregiver Education 281
Conclusion 281
References 282
Chapter 10. Tumor Lysis Syndrome 285
Introduction 285
Incidence 285
Risk Factors 286
Pathophysiology 289
Clinical Manifestations 190
Patient Assessment 292
Treatment Modalities 292
Nursing Management 299
Patient and Caregiver Education 303
Conclusion 304
References 304
Index 307
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