Principles of Skin Care and the Oncology Patient

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Chapter 1. Overview of Skin Issues Related to the Oncology Patient 1
Introduction 1
Epidermis 2
Dermis 3
Subcutaneous Layer 4
Accessory Organs of the Skin 4
Soft Tissue 6
The Healing Process 10
Skin Burns 13
Impaired Skin and Wound Healing During Cancer Treatment 15
Impaired Wound Healing in Non-Comorbid Disease 20
Paradigm of Support for Wound Healing 24
Conclusion 27
References 28
Chapter 2. Common Drug Reactions With Cutaneous Manifestations 33
Introduction 33
Classifications and Physiology of Cutaneous Drug Reactions 34
Description of the Cutaneous Reaction and Clinical Manifestations 36
Cutaneous Reactions From Common Drugs 37
Nursing Evaluation of a Cutaneous Drug Reaction 51
Nursing Management 52
Compounding Factors 54
Conclusion 55
References 55
Chapter 3. Benign Skin Disorders: Impact on Cancer Therapy 57
Introduction 57
Skin Infections 59
Benign Tumors 64
Pigment Disorders 68
Inflammatory Disorders 70
Collagen Vascular Disease 73
Conclusion 74
References 74
Chapter 4. Malignant Cutaneous Diseases 77
Introduction 77
Common Primary Skin Malignancies 78
Uncommon Primary Skin Malignancies 79
General Care 81
Conclusion 96
References 96
Chapter 5. Wound Care Products and Treatments 101
Introduction 101
Selected Wound Dressings 106
Negative Pressure Wound Therapy 111
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy 111
Conclusion 112
References 113
Chapter 6. Radiation-Induced Skin Reactions 115
Introduction 115
Physiology of Radiation-Induced Skin Reactions 116
Assessment and Clinical Documentation Tools 124
Special Populations 126
Treatment of Skin Reactions: Evidence-Based Management 130
Conclusion 134
References 135
Chapter 7. Systemic Therapy–Induced Skin Reactions 141
Introduction 141
Skin Assessment in the Oncology Patient 141
Chemotherapy-Induced Skin Manifestations 142
Hormonal Agents and Associated Skin Manifestations 156
Biotherapy-Induced Skin Manifestations 157
Targeted Therapies and Associated Skin Manifestations 158
Supportive Therapy–Induced Skin Manifestations 162
Conclusion 164
References 165
Chapter 8. Cutaneous Effects of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 167
Introduction 167
Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease 168
Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease 173
Palmar-Plantar Erythrodysesthesia 190
Nursing Implications for Cutaneous Graft-Versus-Host Disease and Palmar-Plantar Erythrodysesthesia 191
Conclusion 192
References 192
Chapter 9. Impact of Chronic Disease on Wound Healing 195
Introduction 195
Overview of Wound Healing 196
Impediments to Wound Healing 199
The Effects of Chronic Diseases on Wound Healing 202
Conclusion 210
References 210
Chapter 10. Impact of Systemic and Infectious Skin Disease During Cancer Treatment 215
Introduction 215
Psoriasis 216
Scleroderma 218
Herpes Simplex and Varicella Zoster 221
Vitiligo 223
Mycobacterium 225
Candidiasis 226
Conclusion 229
References 232
Chapter 11. Skin and Wound Pain: Assessment and Management 237
Introduction 237
Chronic Wounds 257
Assessment 262
Treatment 263
Conclusion 265
References 265
Chapter 12. Psychological Distress Related to Skin Problems in the Oncology Patient Population 257
Introduction 257
Chronic Wounds 258
Assessment 262
Treatment 263
Conclusion 265
References 265
Chapter 13. Nutrition Needs for Healing Skin 267
Introduction 267
Malnutrition 268
Energy Requirements 269
Protein Requirements 270
Hydration 272
Fasting and Surgical Procedures 272
Nutrients Affecting Wound Healing 273
Antioxidants and Radiation Therapy 284
Comorbidities 284
Conclusion 287
References 287

Chapter 14. Complementary Therapies for Oncology Cutaneous Reactions

297
Introduction 297
Plant Extracts 298
Chinese Herbal Ointment 301
Essential Oils 302
Other Preparations 303
Conclusion 304
References 305
Chapter 15. Special Needs of Gero-Oncology Patients 309
Introduction 309
Framework 310
Functional Reserve 310
Aging Skin 312
Considerations in Clinical Management 315
Implications for the Future 317
Conclusion 317
References 318
Index 321
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