| Preface |
xv |
|
Chapter 1. Oral Health: The Basics
|
1
|
| Introduction |
1 |
| History of Oral Care |
1 |
| Epidemiology of Oral Diseases |
2 |
| Anatomy of the Oral Cavity |
5 |
| Common Oral Conditions |
8 |
| Oral Health and Overall General Health |
11 |
| Common Oral Manifestations of Systemic Medical Diseases |
12 |
| Oral Manifestations During Women’s Reproductive Years |
20 |
| Maintenance of Oral Hygiene and Health |
21 |
| Conclusion |
21 |
| References |
22 |
| Chapter 2. Fundamental Skills: Oral Assessment and Dental Hygiene |
25 |
| Introduction |
25 |
| History Taking |
25 |
| Diagnostic and Assessment Tools |
32 |
| Dental Care in Patients With Cancer |
39 |
| Barriers to Dental Care |
43 |
| Conclusion |
44 |
| References |
44 |
| Chapter 3. Treatment of Side Effects |
47 |
| Introduction |
47 |
| Oral Mucositis |
47 |
| Xerostomia and Hyposalivation |
52 |
| Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease |
55 |
| Dental Caries and Periodontal Disease |
56 |
| Taste Changes |
57 |
| Persistent Dysphagia |
60 |
| Trismus |
60 |
| Fungal Infections |
62 |
| Osteoradionecrosis |
62 |
| Osteonecrosis |
63 |
| Conclusion |
64 |
| References |
64 |
| Chapter 4. Evidence-Based Practice: Tools to Measure Progress |
69 |
| Introduction |
69 |
| Evidence-Based Practice |
70 |
| Types of Tools |
71 |
| Description and Critique of Specific Tools |
78 |
| Special Populations and Considerations |
85 |
| Naturopathic, Complementary, and Alternative Medicine |
86 |
| Conclusion |
87 |
| References |
88 |
| Chapter 5. Nutrition Management Strategies for Oral Effects of Cancer Treatment |
93 |
| Introduction |
93 |
| Mucositis |
94 |
| Xerostomia |
97 |
| Dysgeusia and Hypogeusia |
98 |
| Dysphagia |
99 |
| Other Oral Effects of Treatment |
99 |
| Nutrition Support |
100 |
| Conclusion |
101 |
| References |
101 |
| Chapter 6. Xerostomia and Cytoprotection |
103 |
| Introduction |
103 |
| Sjögren Syndrome of the Oral Cavity |
106 |
| Review of Oral Cancers |
107 |
| Treatment for Oral Cancers |
109 |
| Advances in Radiation Therapy |
111 |
| Cytoprotection |
114 |
| Quality of Life |
118 |
| Conclusion |
118 |
| References |
119 |
| Chapter 7. Pain Management |
125 |
| Introduction |
125 |
| Causes of Oral Pain |
125 |
| Assessment |
127 |
| Interventions for Oral Pain |
128 |
| Other Treatments |
135 |
| Barriers to Pain Management |
140 |
| Conclusion |
143 |
| References |
143 |
| Chapter 8. Speech, Voice, and Swallowing Problems: The Speech Pathologist’s Role |
147 |
| Introduction |
147 |
| Common Speech, Voice, and Swallowing Problems Related to Radiation Therapy and Chemotherapy for Oral and Oropharyngeal Cancers |
148 |
| Pretreatment Involvement of Speech Pathology |
149 |
| Speech Pathology Evaluations |
149 |
| Speech Pathology Treatment |
151 |
| Conclusion |
154 |
| References |
155 |
| Chapter 9. Complementary and Alternative Medicine and the Mouth |
157 |
| Introduction |
157 |
| Definitions |
159 |
| Evidence for Use |
159 |
| Interventions for Dysgeusia |
160 |
| Interventions for Oral Mucositis |
160 |
| Interventions for Orofacial Pain (Excluding Oral Mucositis) |
168 |
| Interventions for Xerostomia |
168 |
| Conclusion and Nursing Implications |
170 |
| References |
171 |
| Chapter 10. Developing a Nursing-Centered “Spray and Weigh” Program |
175 |
| Introduction |
176 |
| Oral Cavity Assessment |
177 |
| Symptom Assessment |
182 |
| Dental Health |
183 |
| Oral Hygiene at Home |
183 |
| Conclusion |
183 |
| References |
184 |
| Chapter 11. Sexuality and Quality of Life |
185 |
| Introduction |
185 |
| Factors in Sexuality |
185 |
| Patient Oral Symptoms and Their Effects on Sexuality and Intimacy |
186 |
| Assessing Sexual Health |
188 |
| Assessments and Interventions |
189 |
| Conclusion |
191 |
| References |
191 |
| Chapter 12. Paradigms of Eating |
193 |
| Introduction |
193 |
| Diet Following Chemotherapy |
193 |
| Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis |
194 |
| Stem Cell Transplantation and Oral Development |
194 |
| Diet Following Radiation Therapy |
196 |
| Diet Following Surgery: Dysphagia |
199 |
| Conclusion |
200 |
| References |
200 |
| Chapter 13. Psychosocial Challenges |
205 |
| Introduction |
205 |
| Oral Complications of Survivorship |
207 |
| Financial Challenges |
209 |
| Assessment Tools |
212 |
| Screening Tools for Patients With Oral Complications |
214 |
| Additional Resources |
217 |
| Conclusion |
218 |
| References |
218 |
| Chapter 14. Considerations for Older Cancer Survivors—Aging, Comorbidity, and Cancer Treatment |
221 |
| Introduction |
221 |
| Oral Health and the Aging Population |
222 |
| Oral Health Problems Among Older Adults |
223 |
| Considerations in Assessment and Intervention for Oral Effects in Older Survivors |
231 |
| Conclusion |
232 |
| References |
232 |
| Chapter 15. Special Considerations in Pediatric Populations |
237 |
| Introduction |
237 |
| Oral Complications Associated With Cancer Treatment in Children |
238 |
| Pediatric Oral Assessment Tools |
242 |
| Infections Associated With Cancer Treatment |
242 |
| Salivary Gland Dysfunction |
244 |
| Oral and Dental Management |
244 |
| Oral Care After Cancer Treatment |
245 |
| Conclusion |
247 |
| References |
247 |
| Chapter 16. Second Primary Cancers and Recurrence |
251 |
| Introduction |
251 |
| Scope of the Problem |
251 |
| Chemoprevention |
255 |
| Fear of Recurrence and Psychosocial Effect on Patients With Oral Cancer |
256 |
| Nursing Implications |
257 |
| Conclusion |
258 |
| References |
259 |
| Chapter 17. Oral Health Across the Continuum of Care: A Symptom Cluster Model |
263 |
| Introduction |
263 |
| Major Advances in Treatment of Oral Problems in Cancer Treatments |
264 |
| Clinical and Functional Impairments |
265 |
| Prevention and Early Detection of Oral Complications |
265 |
| Oral Care Protocols |
266 |
| Symptom Clusters |
271 |
| Case Study in an Allogeneic Hematologic Stem Cell Transplant Recipient |
272 |
| Conclusion |
276 |
| References |
276 |
| Index |
281 |