Constipation

The purpose of this area is to provide you with evidence-based oncology nursing interventions for constipation that can be used in the clinical setting. To obtain additional information about the references and levels of evidence used in the nursing interventions, visit to the appropriate links below.

Definitions
To improve nursing-sensitive patient outcomes, it is essential to have a detailed description of the interventions. Definitions for the interventions and terminology found on the Constipation ONS PEP^® Cards are included here.

ONS PEP Cards
The Constipation ONS PEP Resource Card can be obtained from customerservice@ons.org, ordered on-line at e-source, or downloaded here.

Detailed ONS PEP Cards
The Detailed ONS PEP Cards are identical to the ONS PEP Resource Cards with additional information regarding the research supporting the interventions. The purpose of the Detailed ONS PEP Cards is to offer additional information on the interventions that was not able to fit on the smaller ONS PEP Resource Cards. The Constipation Detailed ONS PEP Card is available here.

Tables of Evidence
The Evidence Tables below provide detailed information about each research article, meta-analysis or systematic review, and/or guideline that has been referenced on the Constipation cards.

• Table of Evidence
• Guidelines
• The Meta-analysis and Systematic Review Table provides information about meta-analyses and systematic reviews that were studied for constipation.
• Expert Opinion Table

References
The References section provides all the references cited in the Constipation ONS PEP resources. The numbers found on the Constipation ONS PEP cards, tables, and definitions correspond to the same number listed next to the full citation on the reference list.