| Preface.................................................................................................................... |
vii |
| |
|
| Chapter 1. Overview.............................................................................................. |
1 |
| Introduction............................................................................................................... |
1 |
| Lung Cancer Overview.............................................................................................. |
1 |
| Histologic Classification............................................................................................. |
2 |
| Staging of Lung Cancer............................................................................................ |
3 |
| Prognostic Factors.................................................................................................... |
3 |
| Histogenesis.............................................................................................................. |
4 |
| |
|
| Chapter 2. Biology of Lung Cancer and Therapeutic
Implications.................. |
7 |
| Introduction............................................................................................................... |
7 |
| Lung Cancer Carcinogenesis.................................................................................... |
7 |
| Normal Cellular Behavior........................................................................................... |
7 |
| Chromosomal Abnormalities in Lung Cancer ........................................................... |
8 |
| Tumor Suppressor Genes and Growth Suppression................................................. |
12 |
| Metastases and Angiogenesis.................................................................................. |
13 |
| Tumor Markers.......................................................................................................... |
14 |
| Future Directions...................................................................................................... |
14 |
| |
|
| Chapter 3. Lung Cancer Control ......................................................................... |
17 |
| Introduction............................................................................................................... |
17 |
| Risk Factors in Lung Cancer...................................................................................................................... |
17 |
| Primary and Secondary Prevention................................................................................................................. |
21 |
| Chemoprevention (Tertiary Prevention)............................................................................................................... |
21 |
| The Challenge of Tobacco Control .......................................................................... |
22 |
| Tobacco Dependence Treatment ............................................................................ |
24 |
| Screening and Early Detection.................................................................................. |
26 |
| Future Challenges.................................................................................................... |
29 |
| |
|
| Chapter 4. Patient Assessment ........................................................................... |
35 |
| Introduction............................................................................................................... |
35 |
| Clinical Presentation................................................................................................. |
35 |
| Diagnostic Tests....................................................................................................... |
38 |
| |
|
| Chapter 5. Oncologic Urgencies and Emergencies.......................................... |
45 |
| Introduction............................................................................................................... |
45 |
| Superior Vena Cava Syndrome................................................................................. |
45 |
| Pericardial Effusion and Cardiac Tamponade........................................................... |
47 |
| Pleural Effusion......................................................................................................... |
49 |
| Malignant Spinal Cord Compression......................................................................... |
51 |
| |
|
| Chapter 6. Paraneoplastic Syndromes................................................................ |
57 |
| Introduction............................................................................................................... |
57 |
| Endocrine Paraneoplastic Syndromes...................................................................... |
57 |
| Humoral Hypercalcemia of Malignancy...................................................................... |
57 |
| Ectopic Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Syndrome...................................................... |
60 |
| Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone ..................................................... |
60 |
| Neurologic Paraneoplastic Syndromes ..................................................................... |
62 |
| Hematologic Paraneoplastic Syndromes................................................................... |
64 |
| Musculoskeletal Paraneoplastic Syndromes............................................................. |
68 |
| Conclusions.............................................................................................................. |
70 |
| |
|
| Chapter 7. Small Cell Lung Cancer...................................................................... |
73 |
| Introduction............................................................................................................... |
73 |
| Characteristics.......................................................................................................... |
73 |
| Cell Type................................................................................................................... |
74 |
| Staging...................................................................................................................... |
75 |
| Treatment................................................................................................................. |
76 |
| Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation ................................................................................ |
78 |
| Role of Surgery in Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer........................................
|
79 |
| Recurrent Disease.................................................................................................... |
79 |
| Older Patients........................................................................................................... |
80 |
| Future Directions...................................................................................................... |
80 |
| Outcomes.................................................................................................................. |
80 |
| |
|
| Chapter 8. Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.............................................................. |
83 |
| Introduction............................................................................................................... |
83 |
| Presentation and Paraneoplastic Syndromes........................................................... |
83 |
| Histologic Subtypes................................................................................................... |
84 |
| Staging...................................................................................................................... |
85 |
| Treatment.................................................................................................................. |
86 |
| Outcomes.................................................................................................................. |
98 |
| |
|
| Chapter 9. Symptom Management of Lung Cancer........................................... |
103 |
| Introduction............................................................................................................... |
103 |
| Cough....................................................................................................................... |
103 |
| Hemoptysis................................................................................................................ |
104 |
| Dyspnea.................................................................................................................... |
106 |
| Fatigue...................................................................................................................... |
111 |
| Pain........................................................................................................................... |
115 |
| Specific Treatment-Related Side Effects: Radiation.................................................. |
118 |
| |
|
| Appendix 1. Lung Cancer Resources................................................................... |
125 |
| |
|
| Index.......................................................................................................................... |
135 |