Understanding Amyloidosis: Unraveling the Complexities and Therapeutic Approaches for Oncology Nurses

Background: Primary systemic light-chain (AL) amyloidosis is a rare clonal plasma cell disorder characterized by the production of abnormal immunoglobulin fragments, which form insoluble fibrils that aggregate as amyloid deposits in organs and tissues, leading to organ dysfunction and death.

Objectives: The aim of this literature review is to increase awareness of AL amyloidosis and educate nurses on the care of this patient population.

Methods: This overview is based on a literature search of AL amyloidosis, including its pathogenesis, prognosis, and presentation. Guidance for nursing assessment, intervention, and patient education throughout the disease trajectory is presented.

Findings: AL amyloidosis is a rare disease resulting in organ impairment and death if untreated. Nursing management includes knowledge of key assessment, monitoring, intervention, and education strategies with goals to preserve organ function and improve survival and quality of life in patients with AL amyloidosis.