Rabin, C., Pinto, B., Dunsiger, S., Nash, J., & Trask, P. (2009). Exercise and relaxation intervention for breast cancer survivors: feasibility, acceptability and effects. Psycho-Oncology, 18, 258–266.

To assess the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of a 12-week combined physical activity and relaxation intervention for breast cancer survivors.

Participants met with an intervention coordinator to complete baseline questionnaires and an activity assessment. They were then provided with exercise education about types of exercise and stretches, using a pedometer, setting activity goals, progressive muscle relaxation, and how to record these activities. Participants were then called weekly for 12 weeks during the intervention to provide further counseling.

• The sample was comprised of 19 women.
• Mean age was 52.5 years.
• Participants had breast cancer stage 0 to II.
• Participants had completed cancer therapy and were considered sedentary (moderate activity less than twice weekly or vigorous activity less than once weekly).
• Of the participants, 95.7% were white.

• Multisite
• Oncology clinics

• Participants were undergoing the long-term follow-up phase of care.
• The study has clinical applicability for late effects and survivorship.

The study used a pre-/post design.

• Intervention feasibility was assessed using single-item, 1-to-5 scale, not a standard instrument.
• Seven-day Physical Activity Recall (7-day PAR)
• The Stage of Motivational Readiness for Physical Activity
• IM Systems–three accelerometers (objective measure of physical activity) 
• Profile of Mood States (POMS)
• Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)

Fatigue was statistically reduced from baseline to weeks 12 (p < 0.05) and 24 (p < 0.01). Sleep quality was also improved from baseline to weeks 12 (p < 0.01) and 24 (p < 0.05).

Participants found the intervention feasible without interrupting their levels of physical activity. Fatigue and sleep quality were improved significantly from baseline, suggesting a benefit from physical activity and relaxation as a combined practice. Further research is needed with control groups.

• The study lacked an appropriate control group.
• The study had a small sample size, with less than 30 participants.

Behavioral interventions for breast cancer survivors are a feasible and safe practice and may improve quality of life in participants. These interventions can be taught by nurses to patients.